Key result
Percutaneous left atrial appendage closure resulted in significantly fewer embolic (0.6% vs 6.3%; p<0.001) and bleeding events (1.2% vs 4.1%; p<0.001) than expected by risk scores.
Why the study?
Is percutaneous LAA closure guided by ICE safe and effective compared to TEE guidance in patients with atrial fibrillation contraindicated for OAC?
Cohort (n=82)
Is percutaneous LAA closure guided by ICE safe and effective compared to TEE guidance in patients with atrial fibrillation contraindicated for OAC?
Absolute Event Rate: 0.6% vs 6.3%
p-value: p=<0.001
Percutaneous LAA closure is safe and effective in patients with AF contraindicated for OAC, and ICE guidance is a feasible alternative to TEE.
Supports LAA closure in OAC-contraindicated AF; leaves open randomized ICE-versus-TEE comparisons.
Percutaneous closure of the left atrial appendage (LAA) is a promising therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation with high risk for stroke and contraindication for oral anticoagulation (OAC). Intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) may make this percutaneous procedure feasible in patients in whom transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is inadvisable. Our aim was to assess the efficacy and safety of LAA closure and the feasibility of ICE compared to TEE to guide the procedure. In this cohort study of patients who underwent LAA closure between May 2010 and January 2017, clinical and imaging assessment was performed before and after the procedure. In 82 patients (mean age 74±8 years, 64.4% male) the contraindications for OAC were severe bleeding or anemia (65%), high bleeding risk (14%), labile INR (16%), or recurrent embolic events (5%). The procedural success rate was 96.3%. The procedure was guided by TEE or ICE, and no statistically significant differences were observed between the two techniques. During follow-up, one patient had an ischemic stroke at 12 months, two had bleeding complications at six months, and there were four non-cardiovascular deaths. Embolic and bleeding events were less frequent than expected from the observed CHA2DS2VASc (0.6% vs. 6.3%; p<0.001) and HAS-BLED (1.2% vs. 4.1%; p<0.001) risk scores. In this population percutaneous LAA closure was shown to be safe and effective given the lower frequency of events than estimated by the CHA2DS2VASc and HAS-BLED scores. The clinical and imaging results of procedures guided by ICE in the left atrium were not inferior to those guided by TEE. O encerramento percutâneo do apêndice auricular esquerdo (AAE) constitui uma terapêutica de interesse clínico nos doentes de alto risco de acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) e contraindicação para anticoagulação oral (ACO). A ecografia intracardíaca (ICE) pode tornar este procedimento exequível em doentes em que o ecocardiograma transesofágico (ETE) está desaconselhado. Os objetivos consistiram na avaliação da eficácia e segurança da técnica de encerramento do AAE e na avaliação da exequibilidade do ICE em comparação com o ETE para guiar o procedimento. Estudo de coorte em doentes submetidos a encerramento do AAE entre maio 2010 e janeiro 2017. Realizada uma avaliação clínica e imagiológica antes e após o procedimento. 82 doentes (idade 74±8 anos, 63% homens) em que a razão para não realizar ACO foi: hemorragia grave/anemia não controladas (65%), risco hemorrágico elevado (14%), INR lábil (16%) e eventos embólicos de repetição apesar de ACO terapêutica (5%). O procedimento foi guiado por ETE ou ICE. A taxa de sucesso de implantação de dispositivo foi de 96,3%. Foram comparadas as duas técnicas de imagem não se tendo verificado diferenças estatisticamente significativas. No seguimento houve um AVC isquémico, duas complicações hemorrágicas, quatro mortes de causa não cardiovascular. Os eventos embólicos e hemorrágicos foram menos frequentes do que o esperado de acordo com os scores CHA2DS2VASc (0,6% versus 6,3%, p<0,001) e HASBLED (1,2% versus 4,1%, p<0,001). Nesta amostra, o encerramento percutâneo do AAE foi considerado seguro e eficaz comparativamente aos eventos estimados pelo CHA2DS2VASc e HASBLED. Os procedimentos guiados por ICE na aurícula esquerda não tiveram resultados clínicos ou imagiológicos inferiores aos procedimentos conduzidos por ETE.
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Reis et al. (2018) conducted a cohort in Atrial fibrillation with high risk for stroke and contraindication for oral anticoagulation (n=82). Percutaneous left atrial appendage (LAA) closure vs. Expected event rates based on CHA2DS2VASc and HAS-BLED scores was evaluated on Embolic events compared to expected by CHA2DS2VASc score (p=<0.001). Percutaneous left atrial appendage closure resulted in significantly fewer embolic (0.6% vs 6.3%; p<0.001) and bleeding events (1.2% vs 4.1%; p<0.001) than expected by risk scores.
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