Recent Advances in Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Tandem Dearomatization of Indoles

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Indolines are prevalent scaffolds of numerous natural products, pharmaceutical agents, and bioactive molecules, therefore, various strategies have been developed to access indolines. Indole dearomatization has been recognized as an important and straightforward strategy for constructing diverse functionalized indolines. Among a multitude of indoles dearomatization, the well-known strategies have relied on the inherent nucleophilicity of indole, while migratory insertion strategies for dearomatization have been widely applied in recent years. Herein, the recent advances of Pd, Ni, Co, Cu-catalyzed tandem dearomatizations of indoles via migratory insertion and radical-mediated process are summarized detailedly, and the mechanism and development tendency of this dearomatization reactions are discussed.