Key result
Among 114 pediatric patients with congenital heart disease, ventricular septal defect was the most common anomaly (39.5%), with parental consanguinity (24.5%) and low birth weight (14.9%) identified as notable risk factors.
Why the study?
Many congenital heart disease cases result from combined genetic predisposition and environmental stimuli, prompting the identification of diagnosed CHD patients and their potential risk factors at a single center.
Observational (n=114)
No
This retrospective study confirms that the frequency and distribution of congenital heart diseases, as well as associated risk factors like consanguinity and prematurity, remain consistent with existing literature.
Supports known CHD risks in clinic cohorts; confirms consistency with literature but leaves open causal questions for prospective study.
Many cases of congenital heart disease are multifactorial and result from a combination of genetic predisposition and an as-yet-to-be-determined environmental stimulus. The purpose of the study is to determine the patients who were diagnosed with CHD through echocardiography and to reveal the risk factors that may cause congenital heart anomalies in our center since 2010. The medical records of pediatric patients applied to our pediatric cardiology clinic between 2010–2017 were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 14,173 patients applied to our clinic between 2010–2017. One hundred and fourteen cases diagnosed with CHD by ECHO performed by a pediatric cardiologist were detected. Sixty (52.6%) of the cases were female and 54 (47.4) were male. Seventy-seven of the 114 patients included in the study were acyanotic (67.5%) and 37 (32.5%) were cyanotic. Seventeen of the aycanotic patients had mixed CHD. The mean maternal gestational age was 28.2+/-5.78 years. 26 (22.8%) were born preterm. Seventeen (14,9%) patients were born with low birth weight (under 2500 g). Eight (7%) patients were LGA (large for gestational age) (birth weight over 4000 g). The average birth weight was 2,982.8+/-740,87 gr. Consanguinity was found in the parents of 28 (24.5%) patients. There was a history of CHD in the relatives of 6 (5.2%) patients, siblings of 4 (3.5%) patients, and parents of 5 (4.3%) patients. Chromosomal abnormalities were found in 9 (7.9%) patients. Our study is a valuable contribution to the existing literature in that it showed that the frequency and distribution of congenital heart diseases have not changed in recent years, and its findings are compatible with the literature findings.
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Şanlı et al. (2022) conducted an observational in Congenital heart disease (n=114). Risk factors for congenital heart disease was evaluated on Frequency and distribution of congenital heart diseases and associated risk factors. Among 114 pediatric patients with congenital heart disease, ventricular septal defect was the most common anomaly (39.5%), with parental consanguinity (24.5%) and low birth weight (14.9%) identified as notable risk factors.
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