Key result
A 2-week low-calorie diet with or without interval exercise did not lower overall TMAO levels in women with obesity, though reductions occurred in those with high baseline TMAO.
Why the study?
Trimethylamine N-oxide is linked to cardiovascular disease, but whether adding interval exercise to a low-calorie diet reduces it more than diet alone in relation to hemodynamics prior to clinically meaningful weight loss was unknown.
Does a low-calorie diet plus interval exercise reduce TMAO more than a low-calorie diet alone in women with obesity?
RCT (n=23)
randomized
Does a low-calorie diet plus interval exercise reduce TMAO more than a low-calorie diet alone in women with obesity?
A 2-week low-calorie diet with or without interval exercise did not significantly lower TMAO overall in women with obesity, though it improved weight, glucose, and some hemodynamic parameters.
Short-term LCD ± interval training does not lower TMAO in obese women; leaves open longer-term or targeted intervention effects.
Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD) through partly altered central hemodynamics. We sought to examine if a low-calorie diet plus interval exercise (LCD+INT) intervention reduces TMAO more than a low-calorie diet (LCD) program alone in relation to hemodynamics, prior to clinically meaningful weight loss. Women with obesity were randomized to 2 weeks of LCD (n = 12, ~1200 kcal/d) or LCD+INT (n = 11; 60 min/d, 3 min at 90% and 50% HRpeak, respectively). A 180 min 75 g OGTT was performed to assess fasting TMAO and precursors (carnitine, choline, betaine, and trimethylamine (TMA)) as well as insulin sensitivity. Pulse wave analysis (applanation tonometry) including augmentation index (AIx75), pulse pressure amplification (PPA), forward (Pf) and backward pressure (Pb) waveforms, and reflection magnitude (RM) at 0, 60, 120, and 180 min was also analyzed. LCD and LCD+INT comparably reduced weight (p < 0.01), fasting glucose (p = 0.05), insulin tAUC180min (p < 0.01), choline (p < 0.01), and Pf (p = 0.04). Only LCD+INT increased VO2peak (p = 0.03). Despite no overall treatment effect, a high baseline TMAO was associated with decreased TMAO (r = −0.45, p = 0.03). Reduced TMAO was related to increased fasting PPA (r = −0.48, p = 0.03). Lowered TMA and carnitine correlated with higher fasting RM (r = −0.64 and r = −0.59, both p < 0.01) and reduced 120 min Pf (both, r = 0.68, p < 0.01). Overall, treatments did not lower TMAO. Yet, people with high TMAO pre-treatment reduced TMAO after LCD, with and without INT, in relation to aortic waveforms.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Battillo et al. (2023) conducted an RCT in Obesity (n=23). Low-calorie diet plus interval exercise (LCD+INT) vs. Low-calorie diet (LCD) alone was evaluated on TMAO reduction. A 2-week low-calorie diet with or without interval exercise did not lower overall TMAO levels in women with obesity, though reductions occurred in those with high baseline TMAO.
Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: