Hypocalcemic cardioplegia may offer superior myocardial protection during cardiac surgery compared to traditional hyperkalemic solutions by preventing ATP depletion and acidosis.
The entry of sodium and calcium play a key effect on myocyte subjected to cardiac arrest by hyperkalemia. They cause cell swelling, acidosis, consumption of adenosine triphosphate and trigger programmed cell death. Cardiac arrest caused by hypocalcemia maintains intracellular adenosine triphosphate levels, improves diastolic performance and reduces oxygen consumption, which can be translated into better protection to myocyte injury induced by cardiac arrest.
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Oliveira et al. (2014) conducted a review in Induced cardiac arrest. Hypocalcemic cardioplegia vs. Hyperkalemic cardioplegia was evaluated.
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