Powerful Amide Synthesis from Alcohols and Amines under Aerobic Conditions Catalyzed by Gold or Gold/Iron, -Nickel or -Cobalt Nanoparticles

Considering the importance of the development of powerful green catalysts and the omnipresence of amide bonds in natural and synthetic compounds, we report here on reactions between alcohols and amines for amide bond formation in which heterogeneous gold and gold/iron, -nickel, or -cobalt nanoparticles are used as catalysts and molecular oxygen is used as terminal oxidant. Two catalysts show excellent activity and selectivity, depending on the type of alcohols used. A wide variety of alcohols and amines, including aqueous ammonia and amino acids, can be used for the amide synthesis. Furthermore, the catalysts can be recovered and reused several times without loss of activity.