Key result
Minimally invasive cardiac surgery provides clear cost-benefit advantages over conventional sternotomy, but its widespread adoption in India is limited by high setup costs and a lack of dedicated training facilities.
Why the study?
Despite advances in MICS, its acceptance and practice remain low in the developing world, and limited reports detail the logistical, economic, and training challenges particularly in India.
Systematic Review
Despite clear cost-benefit advantages, the adoption of minimally invasive cardiac surgery in India faces significant logistical, economic, and training challenges that require a target-oriented approach.
Barriers to MICS adoption in India require targeted infrastructure and training investments; extends evidence on implementation challenges in developing regions.
Significant advances have been made in minimally invasive cardiac surgery (MICS) over the past 3 decades. However, the acceptance and practice of MICS continue to remain low in the developing world owing to several challenges. This study aimed to analyse the logistical, economic and training difficulties in MICS with a special focus on the Indian scenario. A systematic review of the current literature on MICS with an emphasis on these challenges was performed. MICS has been shown to have clear cost-benefit advantage that stems from shorter ICU and hospital stay, lesser transfusion requirements and avoidance of sternal wound complications. However, only limited reports are currently available detailing the economic and training challenges for the application of MICS in the developing world, particularly India. Though several challenges exist in widening MICS practice in India, these can be overcome through a target-oriented approach.
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Ammannaya et al. (2020) conducted a systematic review in Cardiac surgical conditions (valvular heart disease, coronary artery disease). Minimally invasive cardiac surgery (MICS) vs. Conventional sternotomy was evaluated on Economic viability, logistical challenges, and training feasibility. Minimally invasive cardiac surgery provides clear cost-benefit advantages over conventional sternotomy, but its widespread adoption in India is limited by high setup costs and a lack of dedicated training facilities.
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