Key result
Fatness was independently associated with higher post-exercise systolic blood pressure (β 4.65 mmHg/SD), whereas the association with cardiorespiratory fitness was not independent of fatness.
Why the study?
Cardiorespiratory fitness and fatness independently contribute to cardiovascular risk, but their interrelated associations with acute exercise blood pressure in adolescence are unknown.
Are cardiorespiratory fitness and fatness associated with the acute blood pressure response to exercise in adolescence?
Cross-Sectional (n=2,292)
Are cardiorespiratory fitness and fatness associated with the acute blood pressure response to exercise in adolescence?
Mean Difference: 4.65 (95% CI 3.69–5.61)
p-value: p=<0.001
In adolescents, the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and acute exercise blood pressure is driven by adiposity, suggesting body composition is the primary determinant of this cardiovascular risk marker.
Adiposity independently associates with exercise BP in adolescents; hypothesis-generating for body composition interventions on this marker.
OBJECTIVE: Exaggerated exercise blood pressure (BP) is associated with cardiovascular risk factors in adolescence. Cardiorespiratory fitness and adiposity (fatness) are independent contributors to cardiovascular risk, but their interrelated associations with exercise BP are unknown. This study aimed to determine the relationships between fitness, fatness, and the acute BP response to exercise in a large birth cohort of adolescents. METHODS: ) to be determined from workload and heart rate using a validated equation. Exercise BP was measured immediately on test cessation and fatness calculated as the ratio of total fat mass to total body mass measured by DXA. RESULTS: Post-exercise systolic BP decreased stepwise with tertile of fitness (146 (18); 142 (17); 141 (16) mmHg) but increased with tertile of fatness (138 (15); 142 (16); 149 (18) mmHg). In separate models, fitness and fatness were associated with post-exercise systolic BP adjusted for sex, age, height, smoking, and socioeconomic status (standardized β: -1.80, 95%CI: -2.64, -0.95 mmHg/SD and 4.31, 95%CI: 3.49, 5.13 mmHg/SD). However, when fitness and fatness were included in the same model, only fatness remained associated with exercise BP (4.65, 95%CI: 3.69, 5.61 mmHg/SD). CONCLUSION: Both fitness and fatness are associated with the acute BP response to exercise in adolescence. The fitness-exercise BP association was not independent of fatness, implying the cardiovascular protective effects of cardiorespiratory fitness may only be realized with more favorable body composition.
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Huang et al. (2021) conducted a cross-sectional in Healthy adolescents (n=2,292). Fatness and cardiorespiratory fitness vs. Lower fatness and fitness levels was evaluated on Post-exercise systolic blood pressure (β 4.65 mmHg/SD, 95% CI 3.69, 5.61, p=<0.001). Fatness was independently associated with higher post-exercise systolic blood pressure (β 4.65 mmHg/SD), whereas the association with cardiorespiratory fitness was not independent of fatness.
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