One-Pot Synthesis of Metal–Carbon Nanotubes Network Hybrids as Highly Efficient Catalysts for Oxygen Evolution Reaction of Water Splitting

Oxygen evaluation reaction (OER) is the most important reaction in hydrogen production from water splitting. Here we developed metal-carbon nanotubes (M-CNTs) hybrids with high metal oxide catalyst loading synthesized by arc-discharge and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) methods as electrocatalysts for OER in alkaline solutions. The M-CNTs hybrids produced by arc-discharge (M-CNTs-Arc) and CVD (M-CNTs-CVD) exhibit a core-shell-like structure, in which metal nanoparticles (NPs) encapsulated by graphite shells are connected by carbon nanotubes (CNTs), forming M-CNTs network hybrids. M-CNTs-Arc has NiCo0.16Fe0.34 metal core and shows very high activity and superior stability for OER, achieving 100 A g(-1) at an overpotential (η) of 0.29 V and 500 A g(-1) at η = 0.37 V in 1 M KOH solution. This is probably the highest activity reported for OER in alkaline solutions. The reaction follows the first-order kinetics with respect to OH(-) concentration and Tafel slope of 34 mV dec(-1). The results demonstrate a highly efficient, scalable, and low-cost one-step synthesis method for developing highly active and stable catalysts for electrochemical water splitting in alkaline solutions.