Cardioprotective Activity of Quisqualis indica Against Isoproterenol-induced Myocardial Infarction in Laboratory Animals

Introduction: Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the most common causes of morbidity and death globally, driven by ischemic heart disease and oxidative stress. Quisqualis indica (Q. indica), a plant traditionally used in Chinese medicine, is recognized for its therapeutic potential due to its rich phytochemical profile, which includes flavonoids, alkaloids, and tannins. Objectives: The objective of this study is to evaluate the cardioprotective potential of the ethanolic extract of Quisqualis indica using established experimental models. The study aims to assess its effect on key biochemical, histopathological, and functional cardiac parameters. The phytochemical constituents responsible for these effects will be explored, with emphasis on quercetin and related flavonoids. Ultimately, the study intends to establish Q. indica as a potential natural therapeutic agent for cardiovascular disorders. results: Results indicated that EQI dramatically reduced oxidative indicators by lowering malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and restored the antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and catalase. Histopathological analysis showed reduced myocardial necrosis, oedema, and fibrosis in EQI-treated groups compared to the ISO control group, confirming the cardioprotective potential of Q. indica. Methods: This study investigates the cardioprotective efficacy of an ethanolic extract of Q. indica (EQI) in an isoproterenol (ISO)-induced MI rat model. Experimental groups were pretreated with EQI, and the extract’s effects on various biochemical markers were evaluated. Results and discussion: Results indicated that EQI significantly reduced oxidative indicators by lowering malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and restoring antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and catalase. Histopathological analysis showed reduced myocardial necrosis, edema, and fibrosis in EQI-treated groups compared to the ISO control group, confirming the cardioprotective potential of Q. indica. Conclusion: These findings suggest that Q. indica may serve as a natural therapeutic agent against MI through its antioxidative properties, potentially paving the way for the development of novel, plant-based cardioprotective treatments.