Time-Temperature Conversions in Biological Applications of Hyperthermia

The heating of cells or tissues generally involves a temperature transient during which the temperature of the heated object rises from an initial to a final level with biological effects occurring during this interval. The method proposed in this paper can estimate these effects by using the data on isobiological effects obtained both in vitro and in vivo. The method has some limitations in that it cannot be applied under conditions where thermotolerance develops or step-down heating occurs. Several examples from both in vivo and in vitro applications serve to illustrate this method as a practical tool in hyperthermia research.