Needle-Mining Habits and Larval Instars of the Spruce Budworm

Many of the early papers on the spruce budworm,Choristoneura fumiferana(Clem.), included accounts of the general habits and seasonal history of the insect (9, 13, 18, 10, 22). Later papers have heen concerned principally with ecological or pathological relations, current infestations and damage, or chemical control. There has not been, however, any detailed account of the salient features of the development of the spruce budworm.