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A 22 month old male infant with isomerism of the right atrial appendages (associated with a complete atrioventricular septal defect, double outlet right ventricle, and pulmonary valve stenosis) died from pneumococcal septicaemia after a 36 hour illness. He had not been given penicillin prophylaxis. Asplenia was confirmed at necropsy. In a survey of 50 paediatric cardiologists in the United Kingdom, 13 (33%) of the 40 (80%) who replied did not advise any prophylactic measures against pneumococcal infection in patients with isomerism of the right atrial appendages.
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Murdoch et al. (1991) studied this question.
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