Calculation of Sustation Grounding System Resistance Using Matrix Techniques

Recent papers have provided equations for calculating the self and mutual resistances of the individual conductors in a grounding system. However, the overall grid resistance, or input resistance, is found only after the currents in each component of the grid are found. Since the input resistance is necessary in order to calculate the grid potential rise, it appears beneficial to develop a technique for directly calculating the input resistance from the self and mutual resistances before solving for the currents. This paper develops such a technique. This technique is valid for both uniform or multi-layered soil models.