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The electrical resistivities, grain sizes, and charge carrier densities of Sb‐doped PTC‐type BaTiO 3 ceramics were measured as a function of additional doping with 3d ions of varying concentrations. From analysis of the PTC characteristics on the basis of Heywang's model it proved possible to derive grain‐surface acceptor‐state energies corresponding to the particular 3d dopants, demonstrating the particular significance of doping with Mn, Fe, and Cu ions.
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H. Ihrig (1981) studied this question.
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