A Josephson field effect transistor (JOFET) was coupled with a two-dimensional electron gas in a strained InAs quantum well inserted into an In0.52Al0.48As/In0.53Ga0.47As inverted modulation-doped structure. The characteristics of this JOFET are much improved over previous devices by using a high electron mobility transistor (HEMT)-type gate instead of the usual metal-insulator- semiconductor (MIS)-type gate. The superconducting critical current as well as the junction normal resistance are completely controlled via a gate voltage of about −1 V; this provides voltage gain over 1 for a JOFET.
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Akazaki et al. (1996) studied this question.