Synergism in catalytic activity with the combined use of Hf(O‐i‐Pr)4 or Zr(O‐i‐Pr)4 and Fe(O‐i‐Pr)3 for direct esterification and a very simple method for their extraction with ionic liquids for their recovery and reuse are described. This Zr(IV)Fe(III) complex is an environmentally benign catalyst due to its high turnover number, extremely mild Lewis acidity, low toxicity, reusability, and commercial availability at low cost.
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Satô et al. (2005) studied this question.
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