980-nm VCSELs based on submonolayer growth show for 20-Gbit/s large-signal modulation clearly open eyes without adjustment of the driving conditions between 25degC and 120degC. To access the limiting mechanism for the modulation bandwidth, a temperature-dependent small-signal analysis is carried out on these devices. Single-mode devices are limited by damping, whereas multimode devices are limited by thermal effects, preventing higher photon densities in the cavity.
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Mutig et al. (2009) studied this question.
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