Influence of Fiber Extraction Processes on the Hydrodynamic Properties of Biomembranes Derived From Ronier Palm Nuts

The efficiency and durability of a membrane are closely linked to the fiber extraction process. This study aimed to conduct a comparative analysis of membranes made from Ronier fibers extracted using various methods (mechanical and chemical treatments with acid and alkali). Fibers extracted by these three methods were examined for extraction yield, absorption capacity, and breaking force. A hydrodynamic evaluation in a filtration pilot plant was carried out to characterize the membranes in terms of porosity, permeability, and membrane resistance. Filtration tests of a 20‐NTU suspension were conducted to assess the efficiency of the membranes. The results revealed fiber extraction yields of around 5.40%, 11.90%, and 9.90%, breaking forces of 6 N, 10 N, and 12 N, and absorption rates of 90%, 60%, and 70%, respectively, for mechanical, alkaline, and acidic extraction processes. The hydrodynamic characteristics of the three membranes showed porosities of 0.50, 0.35, and 0.45, and permeabilities of 0.416 ∗ 10 −5 , 1.75 ∗ 10 −5 , and 1.25 ∗ 10 −5 m 3 /s.m 2 ⋅Pa, respectively, for mechanical, alkaline, and acidic extraction processes. For the three membranes, the residual turbidities after filtration were established at 7.50, 1.50, and 2.30 NTU, respectively. Based on this preliminary study, the results highlight the strong potential of the sodium hydroxide–treated membrane in water treatment, particularly due to its improved clarity compared to other membranes.