Structural neuroimaging in learning disability

BACKGROUND: Neuroimaging has proven useful in confirming diagnoses of certain neuropsychiatric conditions, but neuroimaging studies in learning disability are at an early stage. METHOD: A review of recent structural neuroimaging research in relation to learning disability was carried out. RESULTS: Brain abnormalities can be detected in cases of idiopathic and non-idiopathic learning disability, but their significance is not clear due to discrepancies in study findings and the small cohorts involved. CONCLUSION: Although the role of structural neuroimaging in the assessment of people with learning disability is not clear, new magnetic resonance imaging technology holds great promise for future research.