Nonvolatile triode switch using electrochemical reaction in copper sulfide

The nonvolatile switch with its compact size enhances the functionality and the performance of large-scale integrated circuits. We have demonstrated a nonvolatile resistive switch with a triode of source, drain, and gate electrodes. A conduction path forms or dissolves in a solid-state ionic conductor via an electrochemical reaction, which results in turning the switch on or off. The reaction is controlled by a biasing voltage of the gate, which is separated from the conduction path by the ionic conductor. Then, the current required to turn the switch on or off is small (<2 μA). Each conductance state is nonvolatile and the ON/OFF current ratio is more than 104. We also confirm a metal precipitate between two electrodes by using element analysis.