Key result
Women without a history of breast feeding had significantly lower internal mammary artery flow (65 vs 94 mL/min) and diameter (1 vs 1.35 mm) compared to women who had breast fed.
Why the study?
Does a history of lactation influence internal mammary artery size, flow, and clinical outcomes after CABG in women?
Cohort (n=83)
Does a history of lactation influence internal mammary artery size, flow, and clinical outcomes after CABG in women?
Absolute Event Rate: 94% vs 65%
Women who have not breastfed have smaller internal mammary arteries with lower flow, which may increase the risk of graft spasm and adverse outcomes after CABG.
Lactation history was associated with IMA dimensions in women; hypothesis-generating and leaves open effects on CABG outcomes.
This prospective study compared internal mammary artery blood flow and diameter and hospital mortality after coronary artery bypass grafting in 3 groups of patients: group 1, 32 women who had breast fed; group 2, 21 women who had not breast fed; and group 3, 30 average-sized males. Mean internal mammary artery flow was significantly lower in group 2 (94 mL·min −1 in group 1, 65 mL·min −1 in group 2, 105 mL·min −1 in group 3). Mean distal internal mammary artery diameter was also less in group 2 (1.35 mm in group 1, 1 mm in group 2, 1.5 mm in group 3). Postoperative myocardial infarction occurred in 1 patient in group 1, 4 in group 2, and 1 in group 3. Anterior myocardial infarction in the 4 patients in group 2 was caused by internal mammary artery spasm. Hospital mortality was 3.13% in group 1, 9.52% in group 2, and 3.33% in group 3. The angina-free period in group 1 was significantly longer than in group 2 (4.5 versus 1.7 years). It was concluded that in women who had not breast fed, the internal mammary artery diameter was inadequate to supply myocardial demand and the graft was prone to lifethreatening spasm.
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Kuralay et al. (1999) conducted a cohort in Coronary artery bypass grafting (n=83). History of breast feeding vs. No history of breast feeding was evaluated on Mean internal mammary artery flow. Women without a history of breast feeding had significantly lower internal mammary artery flow (65 vs 94 mL/min) and diameter (1 vs 1.35 mm) compared to women who had breast fed.
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