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Summary Wai King Services Limited and HPU China Ltd encountered and overcame pitfalls of total quality management as they obtained ISO 9002 certification. The common pitfalls encountered by the two companies included the lack of management commitment, the lack of proper training, the lack of involvement of staff and the resistance to change from performance through management to performance through people. Further, a lot of the problems originated from the lack of communication at various levels of management across the company. Remedies on organizing for improvement, systems and techniques, measurement and feedback, changing the culture and the use of framework are suggested .
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Chun Kit Liu (1998) studied this question.
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