Lung re-transplantation

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Re-transplantation of the lung has come of age. Here, we wish to review the recent literature on the topic and discuss clinical implications. RECENT FINDINGS: Many large volume transplant centres routinely perform lung re-transplantation with satisfactory outcomes. The main indication is bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome, that is chronic rejection of a previous lung transplant. Other indications, such as primary graft failure or early airway complications, are regarded with more caution, as outcomes compare less favourably with those following primary transplantation. SUMMARY: Re-transplantation of the lung can be performed safely and with outcomes rivalling those of primary transplants in carefully selected recipients with chronic rejection of a previous transplant.