Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Intima Media Thickness of Carotid Arteries among Hypertensive and Hypertensive with Diabetes Mellitus

Introduction: Ultrasonographic evaluation of carotid intima media thickness is a non-invasive method to assess the manifestation of atherosclerosis and also used to predict the early stage of cardiovascular diseases.Keeping these in view we have deigned this study to measure the carotid intima media thickness in patients with hypertension and diabetes with hypertension to correlate between these groups and to know which group is more prone for cardiovascular diseases and atherosclerosis.Material and Methods: As per inclusion and exclusion criteria 120 patients were selected, with 60 patients each in hypertension (gr H) and hypertension with diabetes mellitus (gr HD) patients particulars like age, sex, weight, body mass index, fasting plasma glucose, and post prandial plasma glucose was estimated Serum total cholesterol, LDL, HDL and TG was also measured.HBA1 C was also measured on all patients.For measurement of carotid in time media thickness we used Philips clear view 650 ultra sound with linear probe having 8MH 8 solution.Unpaired T test and chi square test was used for comparison of data and P value less than 0.05 were considered significant.Result: Thickness of Rt.Common carotid in group H was 0.716+ 0.03mm and in group HD it was 0.8495+0.07having P value 0.0001.Thickness of carotid intima and media was 0.723+ 0.183 in group H in left carotid artery.But left carotid intima media thickness in group HD was 0.8495+ 0.07mm.The P value was 0.0001.The mean of carotid intima media thickness of right internal carotid artery in group H was 0.642+ 0.432 mm and the P value was 0.007.Conclusion: CIMT was significantly higher in patient suffering from diabetes mellitus and hypertension then hypertension alone.This indicate that diabetes along with hypertension accelerate the atherosclerosis process.