Key result
Long noncoding RNAs play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its microvascular complications, suggesting their potential as novel diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets.
Why the study?
Although initially considered non-functional, lncRNAs are now recognized to be involved in physiological processes, but their functions and underlying mechanisms in diabetes and diabetic microvascular complications required review.
This review highlights the emerging role of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and its microvascular complications, suggesting their potential as future therapeutic targets.
Should not yet change T2DM practice; hypothesis-generating for lncRNAs as diagnostic or therapeutic targets.
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a group of noncoding RNAs that are longer than 200 nucleotides without protein-coding potential. Becasuse of which these RNAs have no significant protein-coding potential, they were initially considered as "junk-products" of transcription without biological meaning. Nevertheless, recent research advancements have shown that lncRNAs are involved in many physiological processes such as cell cycle regulation, cell apoptosis and survival, cancer migration and metabolism. This review described the function of lncRNAs and the potential underlying mechanism involved in diabetes and diabetic microvascular complications. The roles of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus have only recently been recognized, involving hepatic glucose production and insulin resistance. We further investigated the mechanisms of lncRNAs in diabetic nephropathy (DN), including the roles of lncRNAs in mesangial cells (MCs) proliferation and fibrosis, inflammatory processes, extracellular matrix accumulation in the glomeruli and tubular injury. We also discussed the potential mechanism of lncRNAs in diabetic retinopathy (DR), including aberrant neovascularization and neuronal dysfunction. This review summarized the current knowledge of the functions and underlying mechanisms of lncRNAs in type 2 diabetes mellitus and related renal and retinal complications. Accumulating evidence suggests the potential of lncRNAs as therapeutic targets for clinical applications in the management of diabetes.
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Chen et al. (2020) conducted a review in Diabetes mellitus and diabetic microvascular complications. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) was evaluated. Long noncoding RNAs play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its microvascular complications, suggesting their potential as novel diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets.
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