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We present experimental results verifying the optical robustness of a 1 x 1 multimode interference (MMI) device that is directly butt coupled with optical fibers at 70 degrees C for 1050 h and discuss the gradual increase of polarization dependent loss. Based on this structure, an electro-optic (EO) MMI waveguide device that can control the output optical power by using an electrode structure located directly on top of the multimode is presented. As a proof of principle, we demonstrate the switching operation of the EO-MMI device using commercially available chromophore as the active EO material.
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Thapliya et al. (2006) studied this question.
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