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Deep basins in the Pettaquamscutt River (Rhode Island), a narrow estuary, are highly stratified. Biogenic H2S accumulates in bottom water to a concentration of 4.5 mm, several times the concentration reported in other anoxic marine or estuarine environments. The alkalinity, which reaches a concentration of 12.66 meq/liter, as well as the observed pH, can be explained by considering the water a solution of several alkaline substances and one acid, H2CO3. Knull and Richards’ model of alkalinity in anoxic water is improved by taking NH3 into account. Richards’ model of sulfate reduction by organic matter accurately predicts the concentrations of those major products influencing alkalinity and pH.
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Gaines et al. (1972) studied this question.
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