Possible Ameliorative Effects of Different Treatment Regimens Using Bone Marrow-mesenchymal Stem Cells of Doxorubicin-induced Toxicity in Female Wistar Rats

Although cancer treatment is expensive with its new strategies such as immunotherapy, targeted therapy, gene therapy, and other new cancer medicines, the classic cytotoxic agents such as doxorubicin (DOX) remain the only affordable choice to the vast majority of patients despite its dose-dependent cardiotoxic effects. The current study aims to ameliorate the toxicity of DOX on female Wistar rats by using different treatment regimens with Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). Female Wistar rats were divided into seven Groups, two non-treated groups; a control group, and a DOX non-treated, the other groups were treated with a single dose of BM-MSCs after 2, 24, 48, and 72 h of DOX injection, and one group was treated with equally fractionated BM-MSCs doses at 2nd, 24th, 48th and 72nd h after DOX treatment. Results revealed that early treatment with BM-MSCs increased liver protection which was confirmed by biochemical markers analysis as well as improved renal functions by restoring levels of urea and creatinine to normal levels and ameliorating pathological damage, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and fibrosis in rat myocardial tissues. These results promote the use of BM-MSCs, which would be a preferable choice for patients receiving DOX. The fractionated group takes priority of the effective results in treating the toxicities of DOX over the rest of the treated groups. 2 and 24-hour treated groups come in 2nd place. Finally, 48 and 72-hour treated groups occupy the last place in effectiveness.