Metabolic Disorders in Rats With Alloxan-Induced Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a global medical and social problem that requires the development of new approaches to studying its pathogenesis and treatment. This study is devoted to analyzing the features of biochemical shifts in Wistar rats (n=28) with alloxan-induced diabetes two months after its induction (administered intraperitoneally three times at 100 mg/kg, with a total dose of 300 mg/kg).This experimental model reliably reproduces the key mechanisms of the pathogenesis of severe insulin-dependent diabetes and can be recommended for long-term experimental studies, drug testing, and evaluating the effectiveness of approaches aimed at correcting metabolic and organ dysfunctions in diabetes mellitus. Changes in the biochemical parameters of rat blood serum indicate significant disturbances in carbohydrate, lipid, protein, and energy metabolism, the development of inflammatory processes, and oxidative stress, which may result from impaired function and structure not only of the pancreas but also of the kidneys, liver, blood vessels, and other organs.Signs of organ damage have been identified, including destructive changes in muscle tissue, impaired liver function, and early manifestations of diabetic nephropathy.The obtained results expand current understanding of the mechanisms of diabetes development, the extent of metabolic disturbances under experimental diabetes conditions, and may serve as a basis for further studies on the etiology and pathogenesis of liver pathology in diabetes.