Analysis and Outlook on Actions to Address Climate Change in 2025

The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) has confirmed that 2024 was the warmest year on record. Global warming is moving increasingly closer to the [Formula: see text]C temperature limit set by the Paris Agreement. Against a background of global economic uncertainty and geopolitical instability, international efforts to address climate change continued to move forward in 2025. The 30th session of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP30), held in Belém, Brazil, in November 2025, achieved positive outcomes on a range of key issues. As a responsible major country, China has actively responded to a complex international environment and multiple challenges, remained firmly committed to a green and low-carbon development path, and made important contributions to promoting the global transition toward green and low-carbon development.