Descriptive survey observes AI-driven chatbot adoption and virtual reference service delivery among academic library staff, highlighting the role of automation in sustainable services.
This study examined the influence of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-driven chatbot adoption on the effectiveness of sustainable virtual reference services (VRS) in academic libraries in Nigeria. It determines the extent of chatbot adoption, assess the effectiveness of VRS, and establish the relationship between chatbot integration and service delivery outcomes. A descriptive survey research design was adopted, involving 28 professional and paraprofessional staff selected through purposive sampling
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Dr. Dr. (2026) studied this question.
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