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September 2, 2026Eurasian Soil Science

Sequential Fractionation Assessment of Mobility and Heavy Metal Risk in Contaminated Soils

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Authors

SPSengottiyan PriyatharshiniPPP C PrabuABA Bharani

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Overview

Sequential fractionation analysis reveals elevated cadmium mobility and ecological risk in industrial soils, highlighting the necessity of ongoing contamination monitoring.

Key Points

  • Evaluate the chemical fractionation, environmental mobility, and ecological risk of heavy metals in surface soils collected from major industrial zones.
  • Analyzed 20 surface soil samples (Technosols, Anthrosols, Luvisols, and Acrisols) collected from industrial areas in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
  • Partitioned heavy metals (Ni, Cr, Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Fe, and Mn) using a modified Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) four-step sequential extraction procedure into exchangeable (F1), reducible (F2), oxidizable (F3), and residual (F4) fractions.
  • Quantified environmental mobility and ecological risk using contamination factor, geoaccumulation index, pollution load index, ecological risk index, and principal component analysis.
  • Total metal concentrations ranged from 0.25–1.53 mg kg⁻¹ for Ni, 34.61–85.79 mg kg⁻¹ for Pb, 8.40–92.35 mg kg⁻¹ for Cr, and 0.15–1.31 mg kg⁻¹ for Cd, with mean abundance following the order Cr > Pb > Ni > Cd.
  • Cadmium was primarily bound to the exchangeable fraction (F1), indicating high environmental mobility, whereas Pb was predominantly reducible/oxide-bound (F2) and Cr was mainly sequestered in the residual fraction (F4).
  • Ecological risk indices (ERI 63–432) and pollution load indices (PLI > 1) revealed moderate to high ecological risk at industrial and cement sites, driven predominantly by mobile Cd and Pb inputs (PCA explaining 68.27% variance).

Cite This Study

Priyatharshini et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a97e25ec562ede874ec67b9https://doi.org/10.1134/s1064229326600363
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