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September 2, 2026Journal of Polymers and the EnvironmentOpen Access

Enhancing Waste-Activated Sludge Valorisation Through Sequential Recovery of Polyhydroxyalkanoates and Extracellular Polymeric Substances

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Authors

AMAntonio MineoGMGiorgio Mannina

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Overview

Experimental study demonstrates sequential recovery of bioplastics and hydrogels from waste-activated sludge, indicating a cost-effective pathway for wastewater biopolymer production.

Key Points

  • To establish and evaluate a coupled, single-train process for sequentially extracting intracellular polyhydroxyalkanoates and extracellular polymeric substances from waste-activated sludge without prior microbial enrichment.
  • Tested biomass harvested from two membrane bioreactor setups: a conventional activated sludge system and a microalgae-sludge co-culture.
  • Performed direct polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) accumulation over 72 hours, extracting the biopolymer in a single step using the bio-based solvent 2-methyltetrahydrofuran.
  • Precipitated extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from the acidified supernatant generated during biomass stabilization to evaluate hydrogel formation.
  • Both sludge configurations achieved ~31% (w/w) PHA accumulation of volatile solids in 72 hours, with 2-methyltetrahydrofuran extraction delivering 62%–66% recovery efficiency and ~65% purity.
  • EPS recovery from conventional sludge enabled stable hydrogel formation, whereas microalgae addition increased total EPS yield but altered composition and compromised hydrogel stability.
  • Sequential recovery of both biopolymers was achieved within a single process train at an estimated production cost of < 0.5 € kg⁻¹ PHA-EPS.

Cite This Study

Mineo et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a97e2b1c562ede874ec6f47https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-026-03953-w
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Also Consider

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  1. 1Towards scaling-up implementation of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) production from activated sludge: Progress and challenges2024 · 74 citations
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  4. 4Tenebrio molitor-Derived Enzyme Systems Enable Solvent-Reduced Recovery of Intracellular Polyhydroxyalkanoates.2026
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