Experimental study demonstrates a battery-free textile biosensor for visual sweat glucose monitoring in human subjects, highlighting a path toward self-powered wearable metabolic tracking.
Noninvasive wearable sweat sensors are promising for personalized health management, yet their widespread adoption is hindered by complex multi‐component architectures, reliance on rigid batteries, and a lack of intuitive visual feedback. Herein, we propose a sweat‐powered metabolism‐to‐visual transduction mechanism that utilizes sweat as both an energy source and a detection target. A fabric‐based sweat electricity harvester is fabricated, which harnesses sweat energy to yield a stable power output, enabling battery‐free sensing operation. Coupled enzymatic sensing electrode–electrochromic display system translates sweat glucose concentration into directly perceptible color change. To overcome the subjective errors inherent in traditional colorimetry, a neural network‐based smartphone application is employed to provide precise quantitative visual readouts, achieving highly accurate estimation of sweat glucose (R 2 = 0.997) comparable to commercial assay kits in on‐body evaluation on human subjects. By successfully decoupling wearable sensors from rigid power sources while fusing self‐powered electrochromic displays with AI‐assisted digital readouts, this lightweight textile platform establishes an on‐demand strategy for user‐friendly, and intelligent metabolic monitoring.
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Tian et al. (2026) studied this question.
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