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September 2, 2026BMC Veterinary ResearchOpen Access

Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) infection in dairy cattle in Northwest Ethiopia

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Authors

EDEndeshaw DemilYKYoseph KerieLTLaikemariam Teshome

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Overview

Cross-sectional study reveals high bovine herpesvirus 1 seroprevalence in dairy cattle, indicating the need for targeted biosecurity and breeding controls.

Key Points

  • To estimate the animal- and herd-level seroprevalence of bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) and identify risk factors associated with infection in dairy cattle.
  • Conducted a cross-sectional study from December 2022 to December 2023 across seven locations in Northwest Ethiopia.
  • Sampled 957 cattle older than six months across 221 herds and tested for anti-BoHV-1 glycoprotein gB antibodies using competitive ELISA (c-ELISA).
  • Evaluated risk factors using univariable and multivariable mixed-effects logistic regression models accounting for random herd effects.
  • Overall BoHV-1 seroprevalence reached 48.1% (95% CI: 44.9%–51.2%) at the animal level and 72.4% (95% CI: 66.5%–78.3%) at the herd level.
  • Cattle over five years of age exhibited higher odds of seropositivity compared to younger stock (AOR = 3.36; 95% CI: 1.73–6.52; P = 0.001).
  • Farms relying exclusively on natural bull service demonstrated higher odds of seropositivity than those using artificial insemination (AOR = 2.96; 95% CI: 1.66–5.27; P = 0.001).

Cite This Study

Demil et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a97e2d9c562ede874ec73e2https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-026-05861-6
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of the Epidemiology of Bovine Herpesvirus 1 Infection in Dairy Cattle in Ethiopia2026
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