Diagnostic and prognostic value of serum periostin in patients with non-small cell lung cancer

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// Chun-Hua Xu 1, 2 , Wei Wang 1, 2 , Yong Lin 3 , Li-Hua Qian 4 , Xiu-Wei Zhang 5 , Qing-Bo Wang 6 , Li-Ke Yu 1 1 Endoscopic Center of Nanjing Chest Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China 2 Clinical Center of Nanjing Respiratory Diseases and Imaging, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China 3 Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing Chest Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China 4 Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing Pukou Central Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211800, China 5 Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211100, China 6 Department of Geriatrics Medicine, Nanjing Second Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210003, China Correspondence to: Like Yu, email: lkyu54@126.com Keywords: periostin, non-small cell lung cancer, prognosis, diagnosis, biomarker Received: June 20, 2016 Accepted: October 26, 2016 Published: November 01, 2016 ABSTRACT The periostin protein is expressed in a variety of human malignancies. The aim of this study was to explore the diagnostic and prognostic value of serum periostin levels in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We measured serum periostin levels by ELISA in 296 NSCLC patients, 120 benign lung diseases (BLD) patients and 160 healthy controls. The levels of serum periostin in NSCLC patients were significantly elevated compared with those in healthy controls ( P < 0.001) and BLD patients ( P < 0.001). Using a cutoff value of 30.87 ng/ml, the sensitivity and specificity of periostin in differentiating between NSCLC patients and BLD patients, and between NSCLC patients and healthy controls was, 48.6 and 91.7%, and 51.4 and 97.5%, respectively. Kaplan-Meier log rank analysis revealed that the higher serum periostin levels group had a poorer progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) compared with lower periostin group ( P = 0.024, P = 0.015, respectively). Further univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that serum periostin was an independent risk factor of prognosis of NSCLC patients. In conclusion, our study suggests that serum periostin could be considered as a diagnostic and prognostic marker for NSCLC patients.