Electrochemistry: An Efficient Way to Chemically Modify Individual Monolayers of Graphene

Fast and efficient surface functionalization of graphene is achieved by the electrochemical formation of aryl radicals from diazonium salts under mild conditions. Precise control of the ratio of electron-deficient nitro groups to electron-rich amino groups is also demostrated, potentially resulting in the controllable tuning of the electrical properties of graphenes.