Unraveling the Structural and Physicochemical Characteristics of TiO 2 -rGO Articulated Polyaniline Nanocomposites

Polyaniline (PANI) is considered a promising conducting polymer for storage applications due to its prominent pseudocapacitive behavior and ease of synthesis. However, its practical applications are limited due to structural degradation and volume expansion drawbacks during a number of operating cycles. To improve its stability and functional performance, binary and ternary nanocomposites of PANI dispersed with TiO. and rGO were synthesized using an in situ oxidative polymerization technique. It was observed that the dispersed TiO 2 nanofillers enhance structural integrity, while the rGO nanofillers improve charge transport and interfacial interaction within the PANI polymeric molecular nanocomposite base matrix. The prepared PANI/TiO 2 , PANI/rGO, and PANI/TiO 2 /rGO nanocomposite specimens were characterized from structural, morphological, and thermal aspects through FTIR, XRD, Raman spectroscopy, SEM, and TGA techniques, along with the UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy technique to evaluate their optical bandgap properties.