Fabrication of Nanocomposite Membrane with Nanomaterial Filler for Desalination

I n recent years, desalination processes, wastewater treat- ments, and water purification methods have been widely studied to improve their separation efficiency for the removal of pollutants, recovery of solute or valuable materials, and water production.Membranes used in these processes efficiently separate solutes in mixtures in the form of salts, minerals, microorganisms, and macromolecules, etc. for direct or indirect water purification.To increase desalination yields through the reconciliation of conflicting permeate fluxes and salt rejection, many membranes have been developed, including reverse osmosis (RO) membranes.However, high energy costs and the necessity for high water pressure considerations limit RO's accepta-bility.(Lim et al., 2021).To address these constraints, membrane distillation and forward osmosis membrane technologies are being researched.To overcome their own limitations, such as low porosities, high hydrophobicity, and unsolvable concentration polarizations in solution, are expected to be practically overcome.In addition, in the presence of features, to reduce the power consumption of RO, conventional materials must be modified.Therefore, nanocomposite membranes of polymeric materials are being considered for the integration of high mechanical properties, chemical resistance, and easy molding with packing density, permeability, and selectivity of nanomaterial fillers.In these works, we will collect simultaneous investigations into the transport review