Formulas based on transmission-line, cavity, and magnetic-wall models to determine the resonant frequencies of a rectangular microstrip antenna element have been studied and their validity assessed. Their variations were experimentally verified by analyzing a set of newly designed antenna elements with substrates satisfying the criteria h ≤ 0.0815λ0 for 2.22 ≤ ϵr ≤ 10.2, where λ0 is the free-space wavelength, h the thickness, and ϵr the relative permittivity of the dielectric substrate.
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Mehmet Kara (1996) studied this question.
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