Key result
OPV shedding was similarly low among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected mothers of OPV-vaccinated infants (6.4% vs 3.8%).
Why the study?
Does HIV infection increase the risk of OPV shedding in mothers of OPV-vaccinated infants?
Observational (n=304)
Does HIV infection increase the risk of OPV shedding in mothers of OPV-vaccinated infants?
Mothers of OPV-vaccinated infants are unlikely to shed OPV, regardless of their HIV status.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Low maternal OPV shedding risk appears independent of HIV status; leaves open need for larger prospective studies before changing guidelines.
Community circulation of oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) likely begins with household transmission. We analyzed stool collected from Zimbabwean mothers who were infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and those who were uninfected with HIV 1 to 24 weeks after infant oral poliovirus vaccination. Overall, only 5% of the mothers had detectable OPV (16 of 304) despite high infant shedding rates. OPV shedding was similar between HIV-infected mothers and those who were uninfected (11 [6.4%] of 171 vs 5 [3.8%] of 133, respectively) and between mothers of HIV-infected infants and those of uninfected infants (2 [3.5%] of 57 vs 9 [6.3%] of 144, respectively). Mothers of vaccinated infants are unlikely to shed OPV, even when they are infected with HIV.
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Holubar et al. (2016) conducted an observational in HIV infection (n=304). HIV infection vs. HIV-uninfected was evaluated on OPV shedding. OPV shedding was similarly low among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected mothers of OPV-vaccinated infants (6.4% vs 3.8%).
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