Designing Square Two-Dimensional Gold and Platinum

Square atomic configurations of two-dimensional gold and platinum are designed on the basis of density functional theory calculations. Calculations reveal that Au 9 and Pt 9 clusters form energetically stable perfect square structures. Combining and alternating two Au 9 and two Pt 9 allows for the formation of infinite square two-dimensional sheets of Au 9, Pt 9, and Au 18 Pt 18 . The electronic density of state reveals that two-dimensional Au 9, Pt 9, and Au 18 Pt 18 retain metallic characteristics whereas two-dimensional Pt 9 and Au 18 Pt 18 also possess magnetic properties. In addition, the multilayered two-dimensional Au 9 and Au 18 Pt 18 of up to five layers and four layers, respectively, are designed. Two dimensional Au 9, Pt 9, and Au 18 Pt 18 could have potential applications toward filtering gases or impurities in liquids as well as electronics.