Measurements by Mach-Zehnder interferometry of the refractive-index changes near the surface of outdiffused LiNbO3 crystals indicate that, in agreement with recent results of Noda et al. [J. Appl. Phys. 51, 1379 (1980)], the rate of lithium outdiffusion is greater for more nearly stoichiometric crystals. The activation energy for diffusion of Li does not vary significantly with stoichiometry. The Li diffusion coefficient is also higher in the relatively Li-depleted regions near the surface.
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Wood et al. (1981) studied this question.
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