Key result
Venous emptying via passive arm elevation prior to upper arm occlusion resulted in a significantly greater reactive hyperemic blood flow response (23.76 vs 19.33 ml·100 ml-1·min-1) than occlusion alone.
Why the study?
Does passive arm elevation prior to upper arm occlusion improve reactive hyperemic blood flow in healthy individuals?
Observational (n=35)
No
Does passive arm elevation prior to upper arm occlusion improve reactive hyperemic blood flow in healthy individuals?
Venous emptying via passive arm elevation prior to upper arm occlusion significantly increases the reactive hyperemic blood flow response, highlighting the importance of accounting for venous volume in vascular function studies.
May warrant venous emptying standardization in vascular reactivity protocols; leaves open its role in clinical endothelial assessments.
BACKGROUND: Previous research indicates that venous emptying serves as a stimulus for vasodilation in the human forearm. This suggests the importance of recognizing the potential influence of venous volume on reactive hyperemic blood flow (RHBF) following occlusion. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of venous emptying on forearm vascular function. METHODS: Forearm RHBF, venous capacitance and venous outflow were examined in 35 individuals (age = 22 +/- 2 years), using mercury in-Silastic strain gauge plethysmography, at rest and following five minutes of upper arm occlusion using standard procedures (CONTROL). In addition, the same measures were obtained following five minutes of upper arm occlusion preceded by two minutes of passive arm elevation (Pre-elevation). RESULTS: Average resting arterial inflow was 2.42 +/- 1.11 ml x 100 ml(-1) x min(-1). RHBF and venous capacitance were significantly greater during Pre-elevation compared to CONTROL (RHBF; Pre-elevation: 23.76 +/- 5.95 ml x 100 ml(-1) x min(-1) vs. CONTROL: 19.33 +/- 4.50; p = 0.001), (venous capacitance; Pre-elevation: 2.74 +/- 0.89 % vs. CONTROL: 2.19 +/- 0.97, p = 0.001). Venous outflow did not differ between the two conditions. CONCLUSION: Venous emptying prior to upper arm occlusion results in a significant greater RHBF response and venous capacitance. Recognition of the influence of venous volume on RHBF is particularly important in studies focusing on arterial inflow, and also provides further evidence for the interplay between the venous and arterial system.
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Bahadir et al. (2007) conducted an observational in Healthy (n=35). Passive arm elevation prior to upper arm occlusion vs. 5 minutes of upper arm occlusion without prior elevation was evaluated on Reactive hyperemic blood flow (RHBF) (p=0.001). Venous emptying via passive arm elevation prior to upper arm occlusion resulted in a significantly greater reactive hyperemic blood flow response (23.76 vs 19.33 ml·100 ml-1·min-1) than occlusion alone.
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