Agro-industrial by-products are an alternative potential source to replace synthetic fibers /filler materials. Pistachio ( Pistacia vera ) nut processing industries producing Pistacia vera nutshell (PVNS) as waste in large quantity. The nutshells are characterized for the first time towards their Physico-chemical properties like particle size, structural, morphological, elemental, thermal and surface analysis. The thermal stability and degradation temperature of PVNS particles are 240.6 and 274.2 °C, respectively. The pore size and pore diameters are 38 mm 3 g −1 , 3.626 nm while the surface area is calculated as 0.392 m 2 g −1 . Thus, the PVNS particle characterization results show the required quality to meet as bio-filler in the polymer matrix to improve the bio-composite properties. Consequently, the agro-food industrial residues of Pistachio shell may be effectively used to develop the valuable ecofriendly practical applications in an automobile application such as car dashboard and doors.
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Balasundar et al. (2019) studied this question.
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