Key result
The role of enteric viruses in inflammatory bowel disease pathogenesis remains partially explored, with evidence suggesting interactions involving genetics, immune pathways, and commensal bacteria.
Why the study?
The role of enteric viruses in inflammatory bowel diseases remains only partially explored, and epidemiological studies have not fully described their role in inflammatory flare-ups.
Enteric viruses may play a role in the pathogenesis and inflammatory flare-ups of IBD through genetic, immunological, and microbial interactions, warranting further investigation.
Enteric viruses warrant no change in IBD care; leaves open FUT2/FUT3-viral-microbial links for prospective validation.
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), is a multifactorial disease in which dietary, genetic, immunological, and microbial factors are at play. The role of enteric viruses in IBD remains only partially explored. To date, epidemiological studies have not fully described the role of enteric viruses in inflammatory flare-ups, especially that of human noroviruses and rotaviruses, which are the main causative agents of viral gastroenteritis. Genome-wide association studies have demonstrated the association between IBD, polymorphisms of the FUT2 and FUT3 genes (which drive the synthesis of histo-blood group antigens), and ligands for norovirus and rotavirus in the intestine. The role of autophagy in defensin-deficient Paneth cells and the perturbations of cytokine secretion in T-helper 1 and T-helper 17 inflammatory pathways following enteric virus infections have been demonstrated as well. Enteric virus interactions with commensal bacteria could play a significant role in the modulation of enteric virus infections in IBD. Based on the currently incomplete knowledge of the complex phenomena underlying IBD pathogenesis, future studies using multi-sampling and data integration combined with new techniques such as human intestinal enteroids could help to decipher the role of enteric viruses in IBD.
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Tarris et al. (2021) conducted a review in Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Enteric viruses was evaluated. The role of enteric viruses in inflammatory bowel disease pathogenesis remains partially explored, with evidence suggesting interactions involving genetics, immune pathways, and commensal bacteria.
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