Biosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticle: a review on greener approach

Past few decades application of nanoparticle in the different fields like biomedical, cosmetic, food and many more has gained much importance globally because of its size and unique properties, hence it become an important field among the researchers. Recently in nanotechnology research, synthesis of nanoparticle from green chemistry pathways has been preferred due to its natural biological reduction property which reduces the utilization and exposure of toxic chemical to the environment when compare to physical and chemical methods. Among the different inorganic nanoparticles, zinc oxide nanoparticle attracts more attention due to its, large bandwidth, high excitation binding energy, simplicity, easy fabrication, biosafe, non-toxic, biocompatible, eco and environmental friendly. Zinc oxide nanoparticle is readily soluble in biological fluids and tends to aggregate easily under different physiological condition. But physicochemical properties of the nanoparticle have an impact in the bioavailability. This review was to make an attempt to summarize and conclude green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticle and its pharmacokinetic properties.