Various bases are compared for the neutralization of tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride (THPC) in flame-retardant finishes for cotton. In the THPC/amide process, the use of sodium hydroxide as the base results in a progressive decrease in add-on with increasing pH, whereas with trimethylamine and other strongly basic tertiary amines, the add-on is constant up to pH 10. Trimethylamine also has a leveling effect in the THPOH/ammonia process, where the difference is more subtle. The fabric properties of cotton printcloth, sateen, and flannelette finished with the THPC Me 3 N amide formulation are independent of pH in the 5.0-9.0 range.
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Frank et al. (1974) studied this question.
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