Key result
Abnormal variations in the morphological and physical parameters of RBCs in diabetes mellitus led to slower RBC motion at bifurcations with longer transmit times and greater flow resistance in models.
Why the study?
Red blood cell deformability is reduced in conditions like diabetes mellitus and hypertension, but the effects of red blood cell morphological and physical parameters on the flow field in bifurcated arterioles remained to be probed.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Computational modeling demonstrates that diabetes-related changes in red blood cell morphology and physical properties impair microvascular flow dynamics, potentially contributing to inadequate local oxygen supply and microvascular complications.
It has been proven that the deformability of red blood cells (RBC) is reduced owing to changes in mechanical properties, such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension. To probe the effects of RBC morphological and physical parameters on the flow field in bifurcated arterioles, three types of RBC models with various degrees of biconcave shapes were built based on the in vitro experimental data. The dynamic behaviors of the RBCs in shear flow were simulated to validate the feasibility of the finite element-Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian method with a moving mesh. The influences of the shear rate and viscosity ratios on RBC motions were investigated. The motion of RBCs in arteriolar bifurcations was further simulated. Abnormal variations in the morphological and physical parameters of RBCs may lead to diminished tank-tread motion and enhanced tumbling motion in shear flow. Moreover, abnormal RBC variations can result in slower RBC motion at the bifurcation with a longer transmit time and greater flow resistance, which may further cause inadequate local oxygen supply. These findings would provide useful insights into the microvascular complications in diabetes mellitus.
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Long et al. (2022) studied Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Abnormal variations in morphological and physical parameters of RBCs vs. Normal RBC models was evaluated on RBC motion at the bifurcation (transmit time and flow resistance). Abnormal variations in the morphological and physical parameters of RBCs in diabetes mellitus led to slower RBC motion at bifurcations with longer transmit times and greater flow resistance in models.
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